Emerging Threats to the State: Updating Concepts and Tools of Response

Autori:

Eduard SHCHEPANSKIY, Volodymyr YEMELYANOV, Volodymyr KOPANCHUK, Mykola MALANCHII, Serhii HODLEVSKYI

Cod: ISSN: 1583-3410 (print), ISSN: 1584-5397 (electronic)
Dimensiuni: pp. 192-208

How to cite this article:

Shchepanskiy, E., Yemelyanov, V., Kopanchuk, V., Malanchii, M., Hodlevskyi, S. (2025). Emerging Threats to the State: Updating Concepts and Tools of Response. Revista de Cercetare si Interventie Sociala, 91, 192-208, DOI: 10.33788/rcis.91.11

Abstract:

The ongoing war against Ukraine and the transformation of the global security architecture necessitate a revision of traditional approaches to national security and the development of new governance mechanisms. Similar modernization processes are observed worldwide. The Baltic states (Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia) are advancing integrated cyber defense systems, establishing cyber reserves, and enhancing territorial defense with active volunteer involvement. Israel employs high-tech innovations to counter terrorist threats, including the Iron Dome, artificial intelligence for risk monitoring, and unmanned intelligence platforms. Poland demonstrates large-scale defense modernization, increasing its defense budget to over 4% of GDP and purchasing advanced Abrams tanks, Korean K9 howitzers, and FA-50 aircraft, aligning its Armed Forces with NATO standards. Germany has created a €100 billion security fund to modernize the Bundeswehr, while the United Kingdom invests heavily in cyber command and artificial intelligence for threat prediction. The United States develops innovative defense clusters in space security and missile defense, whereas Japan and South Korea reinforce military-technological cooperation with the U.S. to enhance early warning and missile defense systems against DPRK threats. The growing complexity of military, political, and informational challenges underscores the significance of this study for Ukraine and global security studies. Based on an expert survey (2022–2024), the findings reveal advances in innovation and resilience through digitalization, risk management, and international support, while resource provision remains limited. The results inform strategies for strengthening coordination, legal harmonization, digital integration, and financial sustainability in Ukraine’s evolving security system.