Predicting Suicide Risk among Male Offenders: The Role of Severe Personality Disorders
Autori:
Cozmin MIHAI, Roxana CHIRITA, Viorel ROBU,
Ilinca UNTU, Andreea Silvana SZALONTAY
Cod: ISSN: 1583-3410 (print), ISSN: 1584-5397 (electronic)
Dimensiuni: pp. 28-50
How to cite this article:Mihai, C., Chirita, R., Robu, V., Untu, I., Szalontay, A.S. (2017). Predicting Suicide Risk among Male Offenders: The Role of Severe Personality Disorders. Revista de Cercetare si Interventie Sociala, 57, 28-50. |
Abstract:
One of the most critical complications of severe personality disorders is suicide.
Earlier studies on patients with borderline personality disorder have reported
rates from 8% to 10% of completed suicide. Some prospective investigations
have also revealed antisocial personality disorder among predictors of future
suicide attempts. On the other hand, there is substantial empirical evidence that
severe personality disorders robustly predict suicidal behaviours among male and
female offenders. In Romania, the literature on suicidal behaviours in prisons is
relatively scarce. This study responds to a call to investigate factors that contribute
to the prediction of lifetime suicide risk among persons imprisoned for criminal
offences. Our aim was to test predictive models of current suicide risk and suicidal
antecedents among imprisoned male offenders. A principal focus was on the role
of severe personality disorders. Participants were 338 males incarcerated for a
wide range of violent or non-violent offences (Mage = 34.41 years; SD = 8.95).
Participants were interviewed individually using a protocol for demographic data,
judicial status, vulnerabilities related to personal life history, and suicidal antecedents.
The current suicide risk was captured with the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-
Revised. The psychiatric history and current diagnoses were collected
from personal records. Raw data were analyzed using parametric and non-parametric
comparative tests, multiple linear regression and binary logistic regression.
At the time of data collection, eighty-two participants (24.3%) were diagnosed with at least one severe personality disorder. Antisocial personality
disorder was prevalent (52.4%). Other diagnoses included: emotionally unstable
personality disorder (17%), emotionally unstable personality disorder-impulsive
type (13.4%), and borderline personality disorder (9.7%). Violent victimization
during early socialization, disharmonic organization of personality in adolescence,
personal history of self-harming behaviours, negative global perception of childhood
and adolescence, and the presence of a severe personality disorder were
predictors of suicidal antecedents. On the other hand, disharmonic organization of
personality in adolescence, previous self-harming behaviours, and the diagnosis
of severe personality disorder were the main predictors of current suicide risk.
Furthermore, the likelihood of a future suicide attempt was higher among male
inmates who had suicidal antecedents. The results suggest that severe personality
disorders should be considered when developing self-destructive behaviours prevention
programs in prisons.
Keywords:
male offenders, suicidal antecedents, current suicide risk, vulnerabilities related to personal life history, severe personality disorders, predictive models.
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